Diabetes
Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes is a serious pandemic… with serious complications
Type 2 Diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for 90–95% of all diabetes cases in the world.2 It now affects 415 million people worldwide and is imposing an enormous burden on healthcare systems globally.2 Already a serious global pandemic, it has the potential to get worse. The number of those with diabetes is projected to increase to 642 million people by 2040.2
Every 6 seconds a person dies from diabetes.2
Type 2 Diabetes is a chronic, progressive condition that can severely damage the human body. Each year, 5 million deaths are linked directly to diabetes-related causes.2 Despite the availability of multiple classes of oral glucose-lowering medication, insulin, and other injectables, such as GLP-1 mimetics and insulin analogues, many patients often fail to achieve or maintain control of their diabetes over time, raising their risk of serious complications.3
Long-term complications of diabetes include:1
- An increased incidence of stroke and heart attack
- Diabetic kidney disease leading to renal failure with potential risk for dialysis
- Retinopathy with potential loss of vision
- Peripheral neuropathy with the risk of foot ulcers, and foot and leg amputations
- Autonomic neuropathy causing gastrointestinal, genitourinary and cardiovascular symptoms and sexual dysfunction
The management of Type 2 Diabetes
The overall objective of Type 2 Diabetes management is to achieve and maintain blood glucose control, and reduce the risk of long-term complications. It nearly always begins with diet and exercise, aimed at helping to reduce a patient’s bodyweight and control blood sugar. However, because the condition gets worse over time, additional treatments will be required to control blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and fats (lipids) in the blood like cholesterol and triglycerides.
Not achieving control with diabetes treatment over time can damage the kidney’s filtering systems and is a leading cause of kidney (renal) failure. About one third of all people with diabetes will eventually develop long-term, impaired kidney function4 which itself carries a greater risk of diabetes-related death and complications. For this reason, kidney function should be seen as a key aspect of Type 2 Diabetes treatment, ideally being considered at diagnosis and taken into account when deciding treatment options.
Referências
- American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2013;36(Suppl 1):S67–74.
- Diabetes Atlas 7th edition 2015, International Diabetes Federation. www.eatlas.idf.org (accessed Jan 2016).
- Cohen A, Horton ES. Progress in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: new pharmacologic approaches to improve glycemic control. Curr Med Res Opin 2007;23(4):905–17.
- National Kidney Foundation. Diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Report 11-10-0209. http://www.kidney.org/atoz/pdf/diabetes.pdf (accessed April 2011).